59.
The answer is: D
Explanation
The correct option is D: All of the above.
According to Article 13 (3) (a) of the Indian Constitution, the term 'law' includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law. This definition is given a wide meaning to cover a variety of state actions that may affect the fundamental rights of the citizens. Therefore, any law that is inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights shall be void to the extent of such inconsistency or contravention.